> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://axiom.co/docs/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # All features of Axiom Processing Language (APL) > This page gives an overview about all the features of Axiom Processing Language (APL). | Category | Feature | Description | | :---------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Aggregation function | [arg\_max](/apl/aggregation-function/arg-max) | Returns the row where an expression evaluates to the maximum value. | | Aggregation function | [arg\_min](/apl/aggregation-function/arg-min) | Returns the row where an expression evaluates to the minimum value. | | Aggregation function | [avg](/apl/aggregation-function/avg) | Returns an average value across the group. | | Aggregation function | [avgif](/apl/aggregation-function/avgif) | Calculates the average value of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [count](/apl/aggregation-function/count) | Returns a count of the group without/with a predicate. | | Aggregation function | [countif](/apl/aggregation-function/countif) | Returns a count of rows for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [dcount](/apl/aggregation-function/dcount) | Returns an estimate for the number of distinct values that are taken by a scalar expression in the summary group. | | Aggregation function | [dcountif](/apl/aggregation-function/dcountif) | Returns an estimate of the number of distinct values of an expression of rows for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [histogram](/apl/aggregation-function/histogram) | Returns a timeseries heatmap chart across the group. | | Aggregation function | [histogramif](/apl/aggregation-function/histogramif) | Creates a histogram for rows where a condition evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [make\_list\_if](/apl/aggregation-function/make-list-if) | Creates a dynamic JSON object (array) of an expression values in the group for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [make\_list](/apl/aggregation-function/make-list) | Creates a dynamic JSON object (array) of all the values of an expression in the group. | | Aggregation function | [make\_set\_if](/apl/aggregation-function/make-set-if) | Creates a dynamic JSON object (array) of the set of distinct values that an expression takes in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [make\_set](/apl/aggregation-function/make-set) | Creates a dynamic JSON array of the set of distinct values that an expression takes in the group. | | Aggregation function | [max](/apl/aggregation-function/max) | Returns the maximum value across the group. | | Aggregation function | [maxif](/apl/aggregation-function/maxif) | Calculates the maximum value of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [min](/apl/aggregation-function/min) | Returns the minimum value across the group. | | Aggregation function | [minif](/apl/aggregation-function/minif) | Returns the minimum of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [percentile](/apl/aggregation-function/percentile) | Calculates the requested percentiles of the group and produces a timeseries chart. | | Aggregation function | [percentileif](/apl/aggregation-function/percentileif) | Calculates the requested percentiles of the field for the rows where the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [percentiles\_array](/apl/aggregation-function/percentiles-array) | Returns an array of numbers where each element is the value at the corresponding percentile. | | Aggregation function | [percentiles\_arrayif](/apl/aggregation-function/percentiles-arrayif) | Returns an array of percentile values for the records that satisfy the condition. | | Aggregation function | [rate](/apl/aggregation-function/rate) | Calculates the rate of values in a group per second. | | Aggregation function | [spotlight](/apl/aggregation-function/spotlight) | Compares a selected set of events against a baseline and surface the most significant differences. | | Aggregation function | [stdev](/apl/aggregation-function/stdev) | Calculates the standard deviation of an expression across the group. | | Aggregation function | [stdevif](/apl/aggregation-function/stdevif) | Calculates the standard deviation of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [sum](/apl/aggregation-function/sum) | Calculates the sum of an expression across the group. | | Aggregation function | [sumif](/apl/aggregation-function/sumif) | Calculates the sum of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [topk](/apl/aggregation-function/topk) | Calculates the top values of an expression across the group in a dataset. | | Aggregation function | [topkif](/apl/aggregation-function/topkif) | Calculates the top values of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [variance](/apl/aggregation-function/variance) | Calculates the variance of an expression across the group. | | Aggregation function | [varianceif](/apl/aggregation-function/varianceif) | Calculates the variance of an expression in records for which the predicate evaluates to true. | | Aggregation function | [phrases](/apl/aggregation-function/phrases) | Extracts and counts common phrases or word sequences from text fields. | | Array function | [array\_concat](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-concat) | Concatenates arrays into one. | | Array function | [array\_extract](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-extract) | Extracts values from a nested array. | | Array function | [array\_iff](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-iff) | Filters array by condition. | | Array function | [array\_index\_of](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-index-of) | Returns index of item in array. | | Array function | [array\_length](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-length) | Returns length of array. | | Array function | [array\_reverse](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-reverse) | Reverses array elements. | | Array function | [array\_rotate\_left](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-rotate-left) | Rotates array values to the left. | | Array function | [array\_rotate\_right](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-rotate-right) | Rotates array values to the right. | | Array function | [array\_select\_dict](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-select-dict) | Selects dictionary from array of dictionaries. | | Array function | [array\_shift\_left](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-shift-left) | Shifts array values to the left. | | Array function | [array\_shift\_right](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-shift-right) | Shifts array values to the right. | | Array function | [array\_slice](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-slice) | Returns slice of an array. | | Array function | [array\_sort\_asc](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-sort-asc) | Sorts an array in ascending order. | | Array function | [array\_sort\_desc](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-sort-desc) | Sorts an array in descending order. | | Array function | [array\_split](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-split) | Splits array by indices. | | Array function | [array\_sum](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/array-sum) | Sums array elements. | | Array function | [bag\_has\_key](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/bag-has-key) | Checks if dynamic object has a specific key. | | Array function | [bag\_keys](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/bag-keys) | Returns keys of a dynamic property bag. | | Array function | [bag\_pack](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/bag-pack) | Creates a dynamic property bag from key-value pairs. | | Array function | [bag\_zip](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/bag-zip) | Combines two arrays of keys and values into a dynamic property bag. | | Array function | [isarray](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/isarray) | Checks if value is an array. | | Array function | [len](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/len) | Returns array or string length. | | Array function | [pack\_array](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/pack-array) | Packs input into a dynamic array. | | Array function | [pack\_dictionary](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/pack-dictionary) | Returns a dictionary from key-value mappings. | | Array function | [strcat\_array](/apl/scalar-functions/array-functions/strcat-array) | Joins array elements into a string using a delimiter. | | Conditional function | [case](/apl/scalar-functions/conditional-function/case) | Evaluates conditions and returns the first matched result. | | Conditional function | [iff](/apl/scalar-functions/conditional-function/iff) | Returns one of two values based on predicate. | | Conversion function | [dynamic\_to\_json](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/dynamic-to-json) | Converts dynamic value to JSON string. | | Conversion function | [ensure\_field](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/ensure-field) | Returns value of field or typed null. | | Conversion function | [isbool](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/isbool) | Checks if expression evaluates to boolean. | | Conversion function | [toarray](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/toarray) | Converts to array. | | Conversion function | [tobool](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/tobool) | Converts to boolean. | | Conversion function | [todatetime](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/todatetime) | Converts to datetime. | | Conversion function | [todouble](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/todouble) | Converts to real. `todouble` and `toreal` are synonyms. | | Conversion function | [todynamic](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/todynamic) | Converts to dynamic. | | Conversion function | [tohex](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/tohex) | Converts to hexadecimal string. | | Conversion function | [toint](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/toint) | Converts to integer. `toint` and `tolong` are synonyms. | | Conversion function | [tolong](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/toint) | Converts to signed 64-bit long. `toint` and `tolong` are synonyms. | | Conversion function | [toreal](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/todouble) | Converts to real. `todouble` and `toreal` are synonyms. | | Conversion function | [tostring](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/tostring) | Converts to string. | | Conversion function | [totimespan](/apl/scalar-functions/conversion-functions/totimespan) | Converts to timespan. | | Datetime function | [ago](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/ago) | Subtracts timespan from current time. | | Datetime function | [datetime\_add](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/datetime-add) | Adds amount to datetime. | | Datetime function | [datetime\_diff](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/datetime-diff) | Difference between two datetimes. | | Datetime function | [datetime\_part](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/datetime-part) | Extracts part of a datetime. | | Datetime function | [dayofmonth](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/dayofmonth) | Day number in month. | | Datetime function | [dayofweek](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/dayofweek) | Days since previous Sunday. | | Datetime function | [dayofyear](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/dayofyear) | Day number in year. | | Datetime function | [endofday](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/endofday) | Returns end of day. | | Datetime function | [endofmonth](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/endofmonth) | Returns end of month. | | Datetime function | [endofweek](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/endofweek) | Returns end of week. | | Datetime function | [endofyear](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/endofyear) | Returns end of year. | | Datetime function | [getmonth](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/getmonth) | Month of a datetime. | | Datetime function | [getyear](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/getyear) | Year of a datetime. | | Datetime function | [hourofday](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/hourofday) | Hour number of the day. | | Datetime function | [monthofyear](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/monthofyear) | Month number of year. | | Datetime function | [now](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/now) | Returns current UTC time. | | Datetime function | [startofday](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/startofday) | Returns start of day. | | Datetime function | [startofmonth](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/startofmonth) | Returns start of month. | | Datetime function | [startofweek](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/startofweek) | Returns start of week. | | Datetime function | [startofyear](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/startofyear) | Returns start of year. | | Datetime function | [unixtime\_microseconds\_todatetime](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/unixtime-microseconds-todatetime) | Converts microsecond Unix timestamp to datetime. | | Datetime function | [unixtime\_milliseconds\_todatetime](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/unixtime-milliseconds-todatetime) | Converts millisecond Unix timestamp to datetime. | | Datetime function | [unixtime\_nanoseconds\_todatetime](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/unixtime-nanoseconds-todatetime) | Converts nanosecond Unix timestamp to datetime. | | Datetime function | [unixtime\_seconds\_todatetime](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/unixtime-seconds-todatetime) | Converts second Unix timestamp to datetime. | | Datetime function | [week\_of\_year](/apl/scalar-functions/datetime-functions/week-of-year) | Returns the ISO 8601 week number from a datetime expression. | | GenAI function | [genai\_concat\_contents](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-concat-contents) | Concatenates message contents from a GenAI conversation array. | | GenAI function | [genai\_conversation\_turns](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-conversation-turns) | Counts the number of conversation turns in GenAI messages. | | GenAI function | [genai\_cost](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-cost) | Calculates the total cost for input and output tokens. | | GenAI function | [genai\_estimate\_tokens](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-estimate-tokens) | Estimates the number of tokens in a text string. | | GenAI function | [genai\_extract\_assistant\_response](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-extract-assistant-response) | Extracts the assistant’s response from a GenAI conversation. | | GenAI function | [genai\_extract\_function\_results](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-extract-function-results) | Extracts function call results from GenAI messages. | | GenAI function | [genai\_extract\_system\_prompt](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-extract-system-prompt) | Extracts the system prompt from a GenAI conversation. | | GenAI function | [genai\_extract\_tool\_calls](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-extract-tool-calls) | Extracts tool calls from GenAI messages. | | GenAI function | [genai\_extract\_user\_prompt](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-extract-user-prompt) | Extracts the user prompt from a GenAI conversation. | | GenAI function | [genai\_get\_content\_by\_index](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-get-content-by-index) | Gets message content by index position. | | GenAI function | [genai\_get\_content\_by\_role](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-get-content-by-role) | Gets message content by role. | | GenAI function | [genai\_get\_pricing](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-get-pricing) | Gets pricing information for a specific AI model. | | GenAI function | [genai\_get\_role](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-get-role) | Gets the role of a message at a specific index. | | GenAI function | [genai\_has\_tool\_calls](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-has-tool-calls) | Checks if GenAI messages contain tool calls. | | GenAI function | [genai\_input\_cost](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-input-cost) | Calculates the cost for input tokens. | | GenAI function | [genai\_is\_truncated](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-is-truncated) | Checks if a GenAI response was truncated. | | GenAI function | [genai\_message\_roles](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-message-roles) | Extracts all message roles from a GenAI conversation. | | GenAI function | [genai\_output\_cost](/apl/scalar-functions/genai-functions/genai-output-cost) | Calculates the cost for output tokens. | | Hash function | [hash\_md5](/apl/scalar-functions/hash-functions/hash-md5) | Returns MD5 hash. | | Hash function | [hash\_sha1](/apl/scalar-functions/hash-functions/hash-sha1) | Returns SHA-1 hash. | | Hash function | [hash\_sha256](/apl/scalar-functions/hash-functions/hash-sha256) | Returns SHA256 hash. | | Hash function | [hash\_sha512](/apl/scalar-functions/hash-functions/hash-sha512) | Returns SHA512 hash. | | Hash function | [hash](/apl/scalar-functions/hash-functions/hash) | Returns integer hash of input. | | IP function | [format\_ipv4\_mask](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/format-ipv4-mask) | Formats IPv4 and mask to CIDR. | | IP function | [format\_ipv4](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/format-ipv4) | Formats netmask into IPv4 string. | | IP function | [geo\_info\_from\_ip\_address](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/geo-info-from-ip-address) | Extracts geolocation from IP address. | | IP function | [has\_any\_ipv4\_prefix](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/has-any-ipv4-prefix) | Checks if IPv4 starts with any prefix. | | IP function | [has\_any\_ipv4](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/has-any-ipv4) | Checks if any of given IPv4s exist in column. | | IP function | [has\_ipv4\_prefix](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/has-ipv4-prefix) | Checks if IPv4 starts with specified prefix. | | IP function | [has\_ipv4](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/has-ipv4) | Checks if IPv4 is valid and in source text. | | IP function | [ipv4\_compare](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-compare) | Compares two IPv4 addresses. | | IP function | [ipv4\_is\_in\_any\_range](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-is-in-any-range) | Checks if IPv4 is in any specified range. | | IP function | [ipv4\_is\_in\_range](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-is-in-range) | Checks if IPv4 is in a given range. | | IP function | [ipv4\_is\_match](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-is-match) | Matches IPv4 against a pattern. | | IP function | [ipv4\_is\_private](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-is-private) | Checks if IPv4 is private. | | IP function | [ipv4\_netmask\_suffix](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv4-netmask-suffix) | Extracts netmask suffix. | | IP function | [ipv6\_compare](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv6-compare) | Compares two IPv6 addresses. | | IP function | [ipv6\_is\_in\_any\_range](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv6-is-in-any-range) | Checks if IPv6 is in any range. | | IP function | [ipv6\_is\_in\_range](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv6-is-in-range) | Checks if IPv6 is in range. | | IP function | [ipv6\_is\_match](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/ipv6-is-match) | Checks if IPv6 matches pattern. | | IP function | [parse\_ipv4\_mask](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/parse-ipv4-mask) | Converts IPv4 and mask to long integer. | | IP function | [parse\_ipv4](/apl/scalar-functions/ip-functions/parse-ipv4) | Converts IPv4 to long integer. | | Logical operator | [!=](/apl/scalar-operators/logical-operators) | Returns `true` if either one (or both) of the operands are null, or they aren’t equal to each other. Otherwise, `false`. | | Logical operator | [==](/apl/scalar-operators/logical-operators) | Returns `true` if both operands are non-null and equal to each other. Otherwise, `false`. | | Logical operator | [and](/apl/scalar-operators/logical-operators) | Returns `true` if both operands are `true`. | | Logical operator | [or](/apl/scalar-operators/logical-operators) | Returns `true` if one of the operands is `true`, regardless of the other operand. | | Mathematical function | [abs](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/abs) | Returns absolute value. | | Mathematical function | [acos](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/acos) | Returns arccosine of a number. | | Mathematical function | [asin](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/asin) | Returns arcsine of a number. | | Mathematical function | [atan](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/atan) | Returns arctangent of a number. | | Mathematical function | [atan2](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/atan2) | Returns angle between x-axis and point (y, x). | | Mathematical function | [cos](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/cos) | Returns cosine of a number. | | Mathematical function | [cot](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/cot) | Returns cotangent of a number. | | Mathematical function | [degrees](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/degrees) | Converts radians to degrees. | | Mathematical function | [exp](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/exp) | Returns e^x. | | Mathematical function | [exp10](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/exp10) | Returns 10^x. | | Mathematical function | [exp2](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/exp2) | Returns 2^x. | | Mathematical function | [gamma](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/gamma) | Returns gamma function of x. | | Mathematical function | [isfinite](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/isfinite) | Returns `true` if x is finite. | | Mathematical function | [isinf](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/isinf) | Returns `true` if x is infinite. | | Mathematical function | [isint](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/isint) | Returns `true` if x is an integer. | | Mathematical function | [isnan](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/isnan) | Returns `true` if x is NaN. | | Mathematical function | [log](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/log) | Returns natural logarithm of x. | | Mathematical function | [log10](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/log10) | Returns base-10 logarithm. | | Mathematical function | [log2](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/log2) | Returns base-2 logarithm. | | Mathematical function | [loggamma](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/loggamma) | Returns log of absolute gamma function. | | Mathematical function | [max\_of](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/max-of) | Returns largest value among arguments. | | Mathematical function | [min\_of](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/min-of) | Returns smallest value among arguments. | | Mathematical function | [not](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/not) | Reverses boolean value. | | Mathematical function | [pi](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/pi) | Returns value of Pi. | | Mathematical function | [pow](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/pow) | Returns value raised to a power. | | Mathematical function | [radians](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/radians) | Converts degrees to radians. | | Mathematical function | [rand](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/rand) | Returns pseudo-random numbers between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive). | | Mathematical function | [range](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/range) | Returns a dynamic array of evenly spaced values. | | Mathematical function | [round](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/round) | Rounds value to given precision. | | Mathematical function | [set\_difference](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/set-difference) | Returns array difference. | | Mathematical function | [set\_has\_element](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/set-has-element) | Returns `true` if set contains an element. | | Mathematical function | [set\_intersect](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/set-intersect) | Returns array intersection. | | Mathematical function | [set\_union](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/set-union) | Returns array union. | | Mathematical function | [sign](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/sign) | Returns sign of number. | | Mathematical function | [sin](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/sin) | Returns sine of a number. | | Mathematical function | [sqrt](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/sqrt) | Returns square root of a number. | | Mathematical function | [tan](/apl/scalar-functions/mathematical-functions/tan) | Returns tangent of a number. | | Metadata function | [column\_ifexists](/apl/scalar-functions/metadata-functions/column-ifexists) | Checks if a field with a given name exists in the dataset. | | Metadata function | [cursor\_current](/apl/scalar-functions/metadata-functions/cursor-current) | Retrieves a cursor string representing the current query execution point. | | Metadata function | [ingestion\_time](/apl/scalar-functions/metadata-functions/ingestion-time) | Retrieves the timestamp of when each record was ingested into Axiom. | | Numerical operator | [-](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Subtract. Example: `0.26 - 0.23` | | Numerical operator | [!=](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Not equals. Example: `2 != 1` | | Numerical operator | [\*](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Multiply. Example: `1s * 5`, `5 * 5` | | Numerical operator | [/](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Divide. Example: `10m / 1s`, `4 / 2` | | Numerical operator | [\<](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Less. Example: `1 < 2`, `1 <= 1` | | Numerical operator | [\<=](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Less or Equal. Example: `5 <= 6` | | Numerical operator | [%](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Modulo. Example: `10 % 3`, `5 % 2` | | Numerical operator | [+](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Add. Example: `3.19 + 3.19`, `ago(10m) + 10m` | | Numerical operator | [==](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Equals. Example: `3 == 3` | | Numerical operator | [>](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Greater. Example: `0.23 > 0.22`, `now() > ago(1d)` | | Numerical operator | [>=](/apl/scalar-operators/numerical-operators) | Greater or Equal. Example: `7 >= 6` | | Pair function | [find\_pair](/apl/scalar-functions/pair-functions/find-pair) | Searches an array of key-value pairs for the first pair matching specified patterns. | | Pair function | [pair](/apl/scalar-functions/pair-functions/pair) | Creates a dynamic object representing a key-value pair. | | Pair function | [parse\_pair](/apl/scalar-functions/pair-functions/parse-pair) | Parses a pair string into its key and value components. | | Rounding function | [bin](/apl/scalar-functions/rounding-functions/bin) | Rounds values down to an integer multiple of a specified bin size. | | Rounding function | [bin\_auto](/apl/scalar-functions/rounding-functions/bin-auto) | Rounds datetime values down to a fixed-size bin with automatic size selection. | | Rounding function | [ceiling](/apl/scalar-functions/rounding-functions/ceiling) | Rounds a number up to the smallest integer greater than or equal to the input. | | Rounding function | [floor](/apl/scalar-functions/rounding-functions/floor) | Rounds a number down to the largest integer less than or equal to the input. | | Set membership operator | [in](/apl/scalar-operators/in-operators/in-operator) | Equals to one of the elements (case-sensitive). Example: `"abc" in ("123", "345", "abc")` | | Set membership operator | [in\~](/apl/scalar-operators/in-operators/in-tilde-operator) | Equals to one of the elements (case-insensitive). Example: `"abc" in~ ("123", "345", "ABC")` | | Set membership operator | [!in](/apl/scalar-operators/in-operators/not-in-operator) | Not equals to any of the elements (case-sensitive). Example: `"bca" !in ("123", "345", "abc")` | | Set membership operator | [!in\~](/apl/scalar-operators/in-operators/not-in-tilde-operator) | Not equals to any of the elements (case-insensitive). Example: `"bca" !in~ ("123", "345", "ABC")` | | SQL function | [format\_sql](/apl/scalar-functions/sql-functions/format-sql) | Converts parsed SQL data model back into SQL statement. | | SQL function | [parse\_sql](/apl/scalar-functions/sql-functions/parse-sql) | Parses and analyzes SQL queries. | | String function | [base64\_decode\_toarray](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/base64-decode-toarray) | Decodes a Base64-encoded string into an array of bytes. | | String function | [base64\_decode\_tostring](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/base64-decode-tostring) | Decodes a base64 string to a UTF-8 string. | | String function | [base64\_encode\_fromarray](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/base64-encode-fromarray) | Converts a sequence of bytes into a Base64-encoded string. | | String function | [base64\_encode\_tostring](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/base64-encode-tostring) | Encodes a string as base64 string. | | String function | [coalesce](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/coalesce) | Returns the first non-null/non-empty value from a list. | | String function | [countof\_regex](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/countof-regex) | Counts occurrences of a regex in a string. | | String function | [countof](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/countof) | Counts occurrences of a substring in a string. | | String function | [extract\_all](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/extract-all) | Gets all matches for a regular expression from a text string. | | String function | [extract](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/extract) | Gets a match for a regular expression from a text string. | | String function | [format\_bytes](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/format-bytes) | Formats a number of bytes as a string including units. | | String function | [format\_url](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/format-url) | Formats a string into a valid URL. | | String function | [gettype](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/gettype) | Returns the runtime type of an argument. | | String function | [indexof](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/indexof) | Returns index of the first occurrence of a substring. | | String function | [isascii](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/isascii) | Returns `true` if all characters in an input string are ASCII characters. | | String function | [isempty](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/isempty) | Returns `true` if the argument is empty or null. | | String function | [isnotempty](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/isnotempty) | Returns `true` if the argument isn’t empty or null. | | String function | [isnotnull](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/isnotnull) | Returns `true` if the argument isn’t null. | | String function | [isnull](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/isnull) | Returns `true` if the argument is null. | | String function | [parse\_bytes](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/parse-bytes) | Parses byte-size string to number of bytes. | | String function | [parse\_csv](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/parse-csv) | Splits a CSV-formatted string into an array. | | String function | [parse\_json](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/parse-json) | Parses a string as a JSON value. | | String function | [parse\_url](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/parse-url) | Parses a URL string and returns parts in a dynamic object. | | String function | [parse\_urlquery](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/parse-urlquery) | Parses a URL query string into key-value pairs. | | String function | [quote](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/quote) | Returns a string representing the input enclosed in double quotes, with internal quotes and escape sequences handled appropriately. | | String function | [replace\_regex](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/replace-regex) | Replaces regex matches with another string. | | String function | [replace\_string](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/replace-string) | Replaces string matches with another string. | | String function | [replace](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/replace) | Replaces all regex matches with another string. | | String function | [reverse](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/reverse) | Reverses a string. | | String function | [split](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/split) | Splits a string into an array using a delimiter. | | String function | [strcat\_delim](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strcat-delim) | Concatenates 2–64 arguments with a delimiter. | | String function | [strcat](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strcat) | Concatenates 1–64 arguments. | | String function | [strcmp](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strcmp) | Compares two strings. | | String function | [string-size](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/string-size) | Returns the length, in characters, of the input string. | | String function | [strip\_ansi\_escapes](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strip-ansi-escapes) | Removes ANSI escape sequences from strings. | | String function | [strlen](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strlen) | Returns the length of a string. | | String function | [strrep](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/strrep) | Repeats a string a given number of times. | | String function | [substring](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/substring) | Extracts a substring. | | String function | [tolower](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/tolower) | Converts string to lowercase. | | String function | [totitle](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/totitle) | Converts string to title case. | | String function | [toupper](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/toupper) | Converts string to uppercase. | | String function | [translate](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/translate) | Substitutes characters in a string, one by one, based on their position in two input lists. | | String function | [trim\_end\_regex](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-end-regex) | Trims trailing characters using regex. | | String function | [trim\_end](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-end) | Trims trailing characters. | | String function | [trim\_regex](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-regex) | Trims characters matching a regex. | | String function | [trim\_space](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-space) | Removes all leading and trailing whitespace from a string. | | String function | [trim\_start\_regex](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-start-regex) | Trims leading characters using regex. | | String function | [trim\_start](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim-start) | Trims leading characters. | | String function | [trim](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/trim) | Trims leading/trailing characters. | | String function | [unicode\_codepoints\_from\_string](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/unicode-codepoints-from-string) | Converts a UTF-8 string into an array of Unicode code points. | | String function | [unicode\_codepoints\_to\_string](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/unicode-codepoints-to-string) | Converts an array of Unicode code points into a UTF-8 encoded string. | | String function | [url\_decode](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/url-decode) | Decodes a URL-encoded string. | | String function | [url\_encode](/apl/scalar-functions/string-functions/url-encode) | Encodes characters into a URL-friendly format. | | String operator | [!=](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | Not equals (case-sensitive). Example: `"abc" != "ABC"` | | String operator | [!\~](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | Not equals (case-insensitive). Example: `"aBc" !~ "xyz"` | | String operator | [!contains\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS doesn’t occur in LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !contains_cs "Id"` | | String operator | [!contains](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS doesn’t occur in LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !contains "abc"` | | String operator | [!endswith\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t a closing subsequence of LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !endswith_cs "Span"` | | String operator | [!endswith](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t a closing subsequence of LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !endswith "Span"` | | String operator | [!has\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t a whole term in LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"North America" !has_cs "America"` | | String operator | [!has](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t a whole term in LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"North America" !has "america"` | | String operator | [!hasprefix\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string doesn’t start with the RHS string (case-sensitive). Example: `"DOCS_file" !hasprefix_cs "DOCS"` | | String operator | [!hasprefix](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string doesn’t start with the RHS string (case-insensitive). Example: `"Admin_User" !hasprefix "Admin"` | | String operator | [!hassuffix\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string doesn’t end with the RHS string (case-sensitive). Example: `"Document.HTML" !hassuffix_cs ".HTML"` | | String operator | [!hassuffix](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string doesn’t end with the RHS string (case-insensitive). Example: `"documentation.docx" !hassuffix ".docx"` | | String operator | [!matches regex](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS doesn’t contain a match for RHS. Example: `"parentSpanId" !matches regex "g.*r"` | | String operator | [!startswith\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t an initial subsequence of LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !startswith_cs "parent"` | | String operator | [!startswith](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS isn’t an initial subsequence of LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" !startswith "Id"` | | String operator | [==](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | Equals (case-sensitive). Example: `"aBc" == "aBc"` | | String operator | [=\~](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | Equals (case-insensitive). Example: `"abc" =~ "ABC"` | | String operator | [contains\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS occurs as a subsequence of LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" contains_cs "Id"` | | String operator | [contains](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS occurs as a subsequence of LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" contains "Span"` | | String operator | [endswith\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is a closing subsequence of LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" endswith_cs "Id"` | | String operator | [endswith](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is a closing subsequence of LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" endswith "Id"` | | String operator | [has\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is a whole term in LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"North America" has_cs "America"` | | String operator | [has](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is a whole term in LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"North America" has "america"` | | String operator | [has\_any](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS has any whole term in LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"North America" has_any ("america", "europe")` | | String operator | [has\_any\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS has any whole term in LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"North America" has_any_cs ("America", "Europe")` | | String operator | [hasprefix\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string starts with the RHS string (case-sensitive). Example: `"DOCS_file" hasprefix_cs "DOCS"` | | String operator | [hasprefix](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string starts with the RHS string (case-insensitive). Example: `"Admin_User" hasprefix "Admin"` | | String operator | [hassuffix\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string ends with the RHS string (case-sensitive). Example: `"Document.HTML" hassuffix_cs ".HTML"` | | String operator | [hassuffix](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS string ends with the RHS string (case-insensitive). Example: `"documentation.docx" hassuffix ".docx"` | | String operator | [matches regex](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | LHS contains a match for RHS. Example: `"parentSpanId" matches regex "g.*r"` | | String operator | [startswith\_cs](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is an initial subsequence of LHS (case-sensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" startswith_cs "parent"` | | String operator | [startswith](/apl/scalar-operators/string-operators) | RHS is an initial subsequence of LHS (case-insensitive). Example: `"parentSpanId" startswith "parent"` | | Tabular operator | [count](/apl/tabular-operators/count-operator) | Returns an integer representing the total number of records in the dataset. | | Tabular operator | [distinct](/apl/tabular-operators/distinct-operator) | Returns a dataset with unique values from the specified fields, removing any duplicate entries. | | Tabular operator | [extend-valid](/apl/tabular-operators/extend-valid-operator) | Returns a table where the specified fields are extended with new values based on the given expression for valid rows. | | Tabular operator | [extend](/apl/tabular-operators/extend-operator) | Returns the original dataset with one or more new fields appended, based on the defined expressions. | | Tabular operator | [externaldata](/apl/tabular-operators/externaldata-operator) | Returns a table with the specified schema, containing data retrieved from an external source. | | Tabular operator | [getschema](/apl/tabular-operators/getschema-operator) | Returns the schema of the input, including field names and their data types. | | Tabular operator | [join](/apl/tabular-operators/join-operator) | Returns a dataset containing rows from two different tables based on conditions. | | Tabular operator | [limit](/apl/tabular-operators/limit-operator) | Returns the top N rows from the input dataset. | | Tabular operator | [lookup](/apl/tabular-operators/lookup-operator) | Returns a dataset where rows from one dataset are enriched with matching columns from a lookup table based on conditions. | | Tabular operator | [make-series](/apl/tabular-operators/make-series) | Returns a dataset where the specified field is aggregated into a time series. | | Tabular operator | [mv-expand](/apl/tabular-operators/mv-expand) | Returns a dataset where the specified field is expanded into multiple rows. | | Tabular operator | [order](/apl/tabular-operators/order-operator) | Returns the input dataset, sorted according to the specified fields and order. | | Tabular operator | [parse](/apl/tabular-operators/parse-operator) | Returns the input dataset with new fields added based on the specified parsing pattern. | | Tabular operator | [parse-kv](/apl/tabular-operators/parse-kv) | Returns a dataset where key-value pairs are extracted from a string field into individual columns. | | Tabular operator | [parse-where](/apl/tabular-operators/parse-where) | Returns a dataset where values from a string are extracted based on a pattern. | | Tabular operator | [project-away](/apl/tabular-operators/project-away-operator) | Returns the input dataset excluding the specified fields. | | Tabular operator | [project-keep](/apl/tabular-operators/project-keep-operator) | Returns a dataset with only the specified fields. | | Tabular operator | [project-rename](/apl/tabular-operators/project-rename) | Returns a dataset where the specified field is renamed according to the specified pattern. | | Tabular operator | [project-reorder](/apl/tabular-operators/project-reorder-operator) | Returns a table with the specified fields reordered as requested followed by any unspecified fields in their original order. | | Tabular operator | [project](/apl/tabular-operators/project-operator) | Returns a dataset containing only the specified fields. | | Tabular operator | [redact](/apl/tabular-operators/redact-operator) | Returns the input dataset with sensitive data replaced or hashed. | | Tabular operator | [sample](/apl/tabular-operators/sample-operator) | Returns a table containing the specified number of rows, selected randomly from the input dataset. | | Tabular operator | [search](/apl/tabular-operators/search-operator) | Returns all rows where the specified keyword appears in any field. | | Tabular operator | [sort](/apl/tabular-operators/sort-operator) | Returns a table with rows ordered based on the specified fields. | | Tabular operator | [summarize](/apl/tabular-operators/summarize-operator) | Returns a table where each row represents a unique combination of values from the by fields, with the aggregated results calculated for the other fields. | | Tabular operator | [take](/apl/tabular-operators/take-operator) | Returns the specified number of rows from the dataset. | | Tabular operator | [top](/apl/tabular-operators/top-operator) | Returns the top N rows from the dataset based on the specified sorting criteria. | | Tabular operator | [union](/apl/tabular-operators/union-operator) | Returns all rows from the specified tables or queries. | | Tabular operator | [where](/apl/tabular-operators/where-operator) | Returns a filtered dataset containing only the rows where the condition evaluates to true. | | Time series function | [series\_abs](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-abs) | Returns the absolute value of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_acos](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-acos) | Returns the inverse cosine (arccos) of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_add](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-add) | Performs element-wise addition between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_asin](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-asin) | Returns the inverse sine (arcsin) of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_atan](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-atan) | Returns the inverse tangent (arctan) of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_ceiling](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-ceiling) | Rounds each element up to the nearest integer. | | Time series function | [series\_cos](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-cos) | Returns the cosine of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_cosine\_similarity](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-cosine-similarity) | Calculates the cosine similarity between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_divide](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-divide) | Performs element-wise division between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_dot\_product](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-dot-product) | Calculates the dot product between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_equals](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-equals) | Compares each element in a series to a specified value and returns a boolean array. | | Time series function | [series\_exp](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-exp) | Calculates the exponential (e^x) of each element in a series. | | Time series function | [series\_fft](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fft) | Performs a Fast Fourier Transform on a series, converting time-domain data into frequency-domain representation. | | Time series function | [series\_fill\_backward](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fill-backward) | Fills missing values by propagating the last known value backward through the array. | | Time series function | [series\_fill\_const](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fill-const) | Fills missing values with a specified constant value. | | Time series function | [series\_fill\_forward](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fill-forward) | Fills missing values by propagating the first known value forward through the array. | | Time series function | [series\_fill\_linear](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fill-linear) | Fills missing values using linear interpolation between known values. | | Time series function | [series\_fir](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-fir) | Applies a Finite Impulse Response filter to a series using a specified filter kernel. | | Time series function | [series\_floor](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-floor) | Rounds down each element in a series to the nearest integer. | | Time series function | [series\_greater](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-greater) | Returns the elements of a series that are greater than a specified value. | | Time series function | [series\_greater\_equals](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-greater-equals) | Returns the elements of a series that are greater than or equal to a specified value. | | Time series function | [series\_ifft](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-ifft) | Performs an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform on a series, converting frequency-domain data back into time-domain representation. | | Time series function | [series\_iir](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-iir) | Applies an Infinite Impulse Response filter to a series. | | Time series function | [series\_less](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-less) | Returns the elements of a series that are less than a specified value. | | Time series function | [series\_less\_equals](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-less-equals) | Returns the elements of a series that are less than or equal to a specified value. | | Time series function | [series\_log](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-log) | Returns the natural logarithm of each element in a series. | | Time series function | [series\_magnitude](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-magnitude) | Calculates the Euclidean norm (magnitude) of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_max](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-max) | Returns the maximum value from a series. | | Time series function | [series\_min](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-min) | Returns the minimum value from a series. | | Time series function | [series\_multiply](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-multiply) | Performs element-wise multiplication of two series. | | Time series function | [series\_not\_equals](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-not-equals) | Returns the elements of a series that aren’t equal to a specified value. | | Time series function | [series\_pearson\_correlation](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-pearson-correlation) | Calculates the Pearson correlation coefficient between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_pow](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-pow) | Raises each element in a series to a specified power. | | Time series function | [series\_sign](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-sign) | Returns the sign of each element in a series. | | Time series function | [series\_sin](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-sin) | Returns the sine of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_stats](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-stats) | Computes comprehensive statistical measures for a series. | | Time series function | [series\_stats\_dynamic](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-stats-dynamic) | Computes statistical measures and returns them in a dynamic object format. | | Time series function | [series\_subtract](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-subtract) | Performs element-wise subtraction between two series. | | Time series function | [series\_sum](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-sum) | Returns the sum of a series. | | Time series function | [series\_tan](/apl/scalar-functions/time-series/series-tan) | Returns the tangent of a series. | | Type function | [iscc](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/iscc) | Checks whether a value is a valid credit card (CC) number. | | Type function | [isimei](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/isimei) | Checks whether a value is a valid International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number. | | Type function | [ismap](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/ismap) | Checks whether a value is of the `dynamic` type and represents a mapping. | | Type function | [isreal](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/isreal) | Checks whether a value is a real number. | | Type function | [isstring](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/isstring) | Checks whether a value is a string. | | Type function | [isutf8](/apl/scalar-functions/type-functions/isutf8) | Checks whether a value is a valid UTF-8 encoded sequence. |