toarray

Use the toarray function in APL to convert a dynamic-typed input—such as a bag, property bag, or JSON array—into a regular array. This is helpful when you want to process the elements individually with array functions like array_length or array_index_of.

You typically use toarray when working with semi-structured data, especially after parsing JSON from log fields or external sources. It lets you access and manipulate nested collections using standard array operations.

Usage#

Syntax#

toarray(value)

Parameters#

Returns#

An array containing the elements of the dynamic input. If the input is already an array, the result is identical. If the input is a property bag, it returns an array of values. If the input isn’t coercible to an array, the result is an empty array.

Example#

You want to convert a string to an array because you want to pass the result to a function that accepts arrays, such as array_concat.

Query

['otel-demo-traces']
| extend service_list = toarray('123')
| extend json_list = parse_json('["frontend", "cartservice", "checkoutservice"]')
| extend combined_list = array_concat(service_list, json_list)
| project _time, combined_list

Run in Playground

Output

List of related functions#

• array_length: Returns the number of elements in an array. Useful before applying array_extract.
• array_index_of: Finds the position of an element in an array, which can help set the startIndex for array_extract.
• pack_array: Use this to combine scalar values into an array. Use pack_array when you don’t need named keys and want positional data instead.
• bag_keys: Returns the list of keys in a dynamic dictionary. Use this to inspect or filter contents created by pack_dictionary.
• bag_pack: Expands a dictionary into multiple columns. Use it to revert the packing performed by pack_dictionary.

Other query languages#